Things You Must Know About Intrauterine Insemination (IUI)
– Published on 24 NOV 2025
When couples face difficulties conceiving naturally, Intrauterine Insemination (IUI) often becomes one of the first fertility treatments recommended by specialists. It’s a simple, minimally invasive, and cost-effective procedure that can significantly improve the chances of conception. Understanding how IUI works, who it helps, and what to expect can make the journey smoother and less stressful.
In this article, we’ll explore the key things you must know about IUI — from preparation to success rates and everything in between.
What Is Intrauterine Insemination (IUI)?
Intrauterine Insemination (IUI) is a fertility treatment that involves directly placing specially prepared sperm into a woman’s uterus during ovulation. The goal is to increase the number of sperms reaching the fallopian tubes, making it easier for fertilization to occur naturally.
Unlike IVF, where eggs and sperm are combined outside the body, IUI allows fertilization to happen naturally inside the uterus. Because it’s less invasive and more affordable, IUI is often the first line of treatment for couples with mild fertility challenges.
Who Can Benefit from IUI?
IUI can be helpful in several fertility situations. Your doctor may recommend it if you or your partner experience:
- Unexplained infertility – when no specific cause of infertility is found.
- Mild male infertility – low sperm count or motility issues.
- Cervical mucus problems – when thick mucus prevents sperm from reaching the egg.
- Ovulation disorders – when ovulation does not occur regularly.
- Ejaculation or sexual dysfunction – when physical issues prevent natural conception.
- Donor sperm usage – for single women or same-sex couples wishing to conceive.
IUI is not recommended for women with blocked fallopian tubes, severe endometriosis, or advanced age-related infertility, as IVF may offer better results in such cases.
Step-by-Step Process of IUI
Here’s how the typical IUI procedure unfolds:
- Initial Consultation and Evaluation
The fertility specialist performs various tests to assess the health of both partners. This includes blood tests, semen analysis, and ultrasound scans to evaluate ovarian function and uterine health.
- Ovulation Stimulation
Sometimes, mild fertility medications (like Clomiphene Citrate or Letrozole) are prescribed to stimulate ovulation and increase the number of eggs released. Regular ultrasounds and hormone tests help monitor follicle growth.
- Sperm Preparation
On the day of the procedure, a semen sample is collected. The sperm is then “washed” in the lab to remove dead or sluggish sperm, leaving behind a highly concentrated sample of healthy, motile sperm.
- Insemination Procedure
During ovulation, the prepared sperm is placed directly into the uterus using a thin, flexible catheter. The process is quick, usually painless, and doesn’t require anesthesia.
- Post-Procedure Rest and Care
After insemination, the patient rests briefly before resuming normal activities. Light spotting or mild cramping is normal. Two weeks later, a pregnancy test determines if the procedure was successful.
Benefits of Intrauterine Insemination (IUI)
IUI offers several advantages over other fertility treatments:
- Simple and Non-invasive: No surgery or anesthesia is required.
- Cost-Effective: More affordable compared to IVF or ICSI.
- Quick Recovery: The patient can return to daily routines the same day.
- Increases Sperm Reach: Helps sperm bypass cervical barriers and reach the egg efficiently.
- Can Be Combined with Ovulation Induction: Enhances the likelihood of success.
📈 Success Rates of IUI
IUI success depends on several factors such as age, fertility cause, medication usage, and timing. On average:
- Women under 35: 10–20% success per cycle
- Women aged 35–40: 10% per cycle
- Women above 40: 5% or less per cycle
Couples may require 3 to 6 cycles of IUI for optimal results. Consistent monitoring and working with an experienced fertility team can significantly improve success rates.
⚕️ Preparing for Your IUI Cycle
Proper preparation can boost your chances of conception. Here’s what you can do:
- Maintain a balanced diet rich in folic acid, iron, and antioxidants.
- Avoid smoking, alcohol, and caffeine.
- Manage stress with yoga, meditation, or light exercise.
- Track ovulation as advised by your fertility specialist.
- Follow prescribed medication schedules carefully.
A healthy lifestyle before and during your IUI cycle can positively impact egg quality, sperm motility, and overall reproductive health.
Final Thoughts
Intrauterine Insemination (IUI) is a promising fertility solution for many couples struggling to conceive. It’s a safe, affordable, and minimally invasive option that bridges the gap between natural conception and advanced treatments like IVF.
By understanding the process, setting realistic expectations, and choosing an experienced fertility centre like Pune IVF, you can take confident steps toward building your family.
By Dr Samidha Dalvi-Amale
IVF and Fertility specialist Medical Director- Pune IVF